NETWORKSADVANCED

Percolation / Tipping Points

Sparse links suddenly gel into a giant component — bank networks and blackouts tip fast.

hub
hubs spread, bridges surprise · recreated schematic

How it works

  • Add random links; clusters merge slowly, then one giant component snaps into being.
  • The snap point is the tipping threshold.
  • Just past it, shocks travel everywhere at once.
Use → Fragility audits, buffers, circuit breakers.
Watch out → Linear extrapolation through a threshold — 'a bit more' becomes 'everything'.
Try it → Keep a checklist of buffers whenever connectivity passes ~50%.
REDCAPE jobs → Explain · Predict
Free sources → Coursera M4 (Tipping Points) • SFI Nonlinear Dynamics