THE BLOG • ESSAYS ON THINKING WITH MODELS

Ideas worth modelling.

Longer reads that put the library to work: where the models come from, when they break, and how to use them on real decisions.

LATESTGame theoryStrategy

The prisoner's dilemma: why cooperation is hard, and how it happens anyway

In a one-shot prisoner's dilemma, betrayal always pays. Yet people, firms and even microbes cooperate. Here are the five mechanisms that make it possible, and how to design for them.

· 4 min read